IMPRESSIONISM

     Impressionism
(late 1860s - late 1890s)




  Impressionism is a movement in French painting, sometimes called optical realism 
because of its almost scientific interest in the actual visual experience and effect of 
light and movement on appearance of objects.
   Impressionist motto - human eye is a marvelous instrument. Impact worldwide was lasting 
and huge. The name 'Impressionists' came as artists embraced the nickname a conservative 
critic used to ridicule the whole movement. Painting 'Impression: Sunrise' by Claude 
Monetfathered derogatory referral. Impressionist fascination with light and movement was 
at the core of their art. Exposure to light and/or movement was enough to create a 
justifiable and fit artistic subject out of literally anything. Impressionists learned
 how to transcribe directly their visual sensations of nature, unconcerned with the actual 
depiction of physical objects in front of them. Two ideas of Impressionists are expressed
 here. One is that a quickly painted oil sketch most accurately records a landscape's 
general appearance. The second idea that art benefits from a naïve vision untainted by 
intellectual preconceptions was a part of both the naturalist and the realist traditions, 
from which their work evolved.


Neo-Impressionism (after 1880)   Neo-Impressionism outgrew the Impressionism.
 Many Impressionists in the years after 1880 began to reconsider their earlier 
approaches or make important adjustments to them. What many of them found objectionable 
in their earlier art was not its truth value but its lack of permanence. Despite the
 fundamental similarity of conception, later works differ from earlier works in two 
fundamental respects. The elements, especially the figures, are more solidly and 
conventionally defined, and composition is more conservative. They moved far from her 
early commitment to depicting only contemporary moments. This pattern of rejection and 
reform was originated by Georges-Pierre Seurat, who made use of a technique called 
pointillism (known as confettiism). This new technique is based on the skillful putting 
side by side touches of pure color. The brain then blends the colors automatically in the 
involuntary process of optical mixing. Other neo-impressionists include Camille Pissarro,
 Paul Signac, Theodoor van Rysselberghe, and Henry Edmond Cross.